Evidence offer

An evidence offer links a disputed factual allegation to a concrete means of proof, such as a document, witness, expert opinion, inspection or party examination. In Swiss civil procedure, parties generally must allege facts and offer evidence in time and with sufficient precision. The court may refuse evidence that is irrelevant, late, improper or unnecessary because the fact is already proven. A clear evidence offer identifies what fact is to be proved and by which evidentiary means, helping preserve procedural rights and avoid waiver.