Freedom of religion and conscience

Freedom of religion and conscience protects the inner freedom to hold, change or reject religious and philosophical convictions, and the external freedom to express and practise them individually or collectively. It covers worship, religious symbols, teaching, community life and conscientious positions, while also protecting non-belief. In Switzerland, the right operates in a pluralistic society and within a federal system where cantons have significant roles in relations with religious communities, subject to constitutional guarantees. Restrictions may be justified by public order, health, safety, equality, school duties or the rights of others, but must be lawful and proportionate. The state must avoid coercion in matters of belief and treat religious diversity with neutrality and fairness.