Right to counsel

The right to counsel protects effective participation in legal proceedings by allowing a person to consult and be represented by a lawyer. In criminal matters it is closely linked to the right to a fair trial, the privilege against self-incrimination, and equality of arms. Swiss law recognises defence rights from early stages of criminal proceedings and provides for mandatory or publicly funded defence in defined situations. The practical scope depends on the type of proceeding, the seriousness of the matter, and the person’s ability to defend themselves.