Unauthorized practice of law

The concept concerns protection of clients, courts and the public from unqualified or unregulated legal services. In Switzerland, the scope of activities reserved to licensed attorneys depends on federal and cantonal rules, especially representation before courts and use of protected professional titles. Legal information, compliance support or document preparation may be permissible in some settings, while appearing as counsel or offering regulated services may require admission. Consequences can include refusal of representation, disciplinary measures, civil liability or penalties under applicable law.