Medical professional license

In Switzerland, independent practice in regulated medical professions generally requires recognized qualifications and a cantonal licence or authorization. The framework combines federal rules on university medical professions and professional duties with cantonal responsibility for granting licences and supervising practice. Requirements may include diplomas, postgraduate training, language competence, good character, insurance, and continuing education. Foreign qualifications often need formal recognition before a licence is possible. A licence may be restricted, suspended, or withdrawn for serious breaches of professional duties, public-health risks, or loss of required conditions.