Sanctions regimes

Sanctions regimes are legal frameworks imposing targeted or sectoral restrictions on states, entities or individuals. Measures may implement United Nations decisions, align with foreign partners or serve national foreign-policy and security goals. In Switzerland, sanctions raise issues of neutrality, international cooperation, economic freedom, property rights, due process and humanitarian exceptions. Important questions include listing procedures, evidence standards, licensing, enforcement, penalties and access to effective review for persons or businesses affected by restrictive measures.