In-house procurement
In-house procurement describes awards to a controlled public entity that may fall outside ordinary tendering if strict control and activity criteria are met.
In-house procurement concerns contracts between a public authority and a legally separate entity that it controls in a manner comparable to its own departments. Swiss procurement law recognises narrow situations in which such arrangements are not treated as market procurements, especially where the entity mainly serves the controlling authorities and has no relevant private market participation. The exception is interpreted restrictively: public bodies must not use corporate structures to avoid competition where independent suppliers could otherwise compete.